Poloniny National Park
Poloniny National Park, which is the easternmost Slovak national park, was added to the network of Slovak national parks in 1997.
Poloniny is located on the Slovak-Polish-Ukrainian border and is immediately adjacent to the Polish Bieszczady National Park and the Ukrainian Užan National Park.
The mountain complex, in which the national park was declared, is known as Bukovské Mountains.
Poloniny. Foto: Ivana Antolov...
The name Poloniny comes from the name given to unique mountain ridge meadows located above the forest level called “poloniny”.
In 1993, the Poloniny National Park was included in the network of international biosphere reserves by UNESCO. In June 2007, the forests of Stužica, Havešová and Rožok in Bukovské Mountains were added to the UNESCO World Natural Heritage List, together with the Vihorlat Forest in Vihorlatské Mountains in the Vihorlat Protected Landscape Area and the old growth forests in Ukraine.
Almost 80% of the Poloniny National Park is covered by forests. The typical character of the landscape is made of rounded ridges and wet valleys. Sharp rocky hills rise to the surface only in some places.
The area is unique thanks to the largest complexes of native beech-fir forests in Europe, which in places pass into the old-growth forests home to rare and endangered species of plants and animals.
The territory of Poloniny is known to be home to large carnivores - brown bear, wolf of prey, lynx and wild cat. The area is also roamed by mountain bisons, which live in the Slovak wilderness only in this national park.
The main starting point for visiting Poloniny is the village of Nová Sedlica. Poloniny is also known as the Dark Sky Park – the area was declared the first dark sky area in Slovakia on the occasion of the International Year of Biodiversity 2010.
The Milky Way and about several thousands of stars (only 200 in cities and only 20 in big cities) are visible to the naked eye from the park. The Dark Sky Park, in addition to protecting the undisturbed night environment, also provides an informative tourist program.
You can observe the sky in the Astronomical Observatory at the saddle Kolonický sedlo, which is a branch of the Vihorlat Observatory in Humenné. It is located in an area with very low levels of light pollution.
Its astronomical equipment include the Vihorlat National Telescope (VNT), the second largest telescope in Slovakia, with a main mirror diameter of 1 meter. There is also a planetarium in the area built as part of the Carpathian Sky project.
On June 28, 2007, the International Committee of UNESCO classified the Slovak-Ukrainian beech forests among 166 sites of the world natural heritage.
In the Carpathian beech forests you will find centuries-old firs, beeches, maples and a large amount of dead wood, which is a breeding ground for thousands of mushrooms and a refuge for rare birds such as the little flycatcher, the Ural owl or the white-backed woodpecker.
Zdroj: www.sopsr.sk, www.astrokolonica.wordpress.com
Titulná foto: KOCR Severovýchod Slovenska
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